Geology is the study of the material that constitutes the earth, the physical forces that act on the earth and the biology of its past inhabitants as revealed by fossils. This knowledge is used in the search for essential raw materials, but also for other purposes such as to ensure safe land usage and in the conservation of the environment. The geologists play a very major role in exploring and discovering the natural resources and mineral wealth of the earth.
Different branches of Geology are:
- Marine Geologist: Studies marine environment. With the help of remote sensing they locate old rocks and vegetation's and effects on sea and atmosphere.
- Petrologist: conducts explorations for new oil and gas fields both the onshore and offshore activity. All types of survey like geophysical and seismic surveys are carried out before drilling.
- Mineralogist: Identifies useful mineral in rocks and sea beds. It’s mostly work in the underground.
- Geohydrology's: Locates and assesses sources of water and also find threats which can pollute the water.
- Hydrologist: Studies underground sources of water and all related parameters to it like infiltration and pollution threats.
- Paleontologist: Works with fossils (dead remain of creatures and plants). They estimate their age and try to find how the earth was at that time and what lead to their deaths.
- Seismologist: Works with movement of Earth’s tectonic plates, which causes earthquakes.
- Surveyor: Collects data about land and sea and maintain a database and keep monitoring the changes in data with past and present values.
- Engineering geologist: Engineering geologists study the physical and chemical properties of rocks and soil. It includes the study of construction materials used in these civil constructions.
- Geohydrology's: Geohydrologists investigate the occurrence and exploitation of groundwater in different geological formations.
- Paleontologists: By studying fossils, paleontologists can make deductions concerning the climate that prevailed during deposition and the environment in which the organisms lived.
- Geophysicist: Geophysicists use a variety of techniques to study the physical properties of the earth from which deductions are made of the distribution of rock types and their structure below the surface soil cover and also at great depths.
Opportunities galore: Geology prepares you to be part of varied areas, right from resource management and environmental protection to mineral and oil exploration.
They can specialize in innumerable fields. A geologist can work in engineering and consulting firms, government agencies, mining companies, petroleum companies, museums. The UPSC conducts exams for placement in GSI, Central Ground Water Board etc. They also have an option to take up IAS/Forestry Service. PSUs like ONGC, Hindustan Zinc Ltd conducts All India Entrance exam for hiring Geologists.
Opportunities abroad: Besides the USA, Australia, Canada, the need for geologists is rising in developing countries. Indonesia, Malaysia, Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, India, Vietnam, Thailand, Afghanistan, Bangladesh and Pakistan require geologists for civil works such as the construction of highways, airports, dams, pipelines etc. “The Middle East, the goldmine for oil, is a paradise for geologists,
To start a career in Geology, One can take geology as a career option at undergraduate level. Honours in the field at undergraduate level can help pursue master program in the branch. The minimum educational qualification in this case is 10+2 Science (or class 12th). Apart from the formal Education One should also have Ability to visualize, Good scientific/technical skills, Audacious as an explorer, Physical fitness, Ability to interpret statistical and graphical information, Attention to detail, Report-writing skills, Etc.,.
The institutes in India offering Geology courses are:
Name Of the University | Courses Offered |
Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh | B.Sc. (Hons.) with Geology, M. Sc. (Applied Geology) |
Amravati University, Amravati | M.Sc., Ph.D |
Andhra University, Vishakha Patnam | M.Sc. /M.Sc. (Tech.) in Applied Geology |
Anna University, Guindy, Chennai | M.Sc Applied -Geology, M.Phil - Applied Geology |
Annamalai University, Annamalainagar, TN | M.Sc. (Applied Geology) |
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi | M.Sc. (Geology) |
Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirapalli, TN | M.Sc. (Geology) |
Cochin University of Science & Technology, Kochi, Kerala | MSc/MTech in Marine Geo Physics |
Dr. Harishingh Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar | B.Sc (Hons) and M.Sc in Geology |
Gulbarga University, Gulbarga | M.Sc Applied -Geology, M.Phil - Applied Geology, PhD |
Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, West Bengal | M.Sc. in Geological Sciences, M.Sc. in Geophysics, Integrated M.Sc. in Applied Geology, Integrated M.Sc. in Exploration Geophysics, MS (Geology & Geophysics), M.Tech. - Applied Geology, M.Tech. - Computational Seismology, Ph.D. (Geology & Geophysics) |
Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad | 5 Years Integrated M.Sc. Tech. in Applied Geology/Applied Geophysics, 3 Years M.Sc. Tech. (6 Semesters) in Applied Geology/Applied Geophysics |
Karnataka University, Dharwad | M.Sc Geology |
Kurukshetra University, Kurushetra | M.Sc Applied Geology |
Osmania University, Hyderabad | M.Sc. (Geology) |
Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University, Raipur | M.Sc. (Geology) |
University of Delhi, New Delhi | BSc (Hons) Geology, MSc in Geology, MPhil in Geology, PhD in Geology, PhD in Engineering Geology |
University of Madras, Chennai, TN | M.Sc Applied Geology |
University of Mysore, Mysore | M.Sc Applied Geology |
University of Pune, Pune | M.Sc. Geology, M.Phil & Ph.D |
Utkal University, Bhubaneswar | M.Sc. and M.Phil in Geology |
Indian Institute of Technology, Roorkee |
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